Highlights
- Routine antenatal tests are offered to all parents during pregnancy.
- Most antenatal tests involve a blood test or ultrasound scan.
- Routine antenatal tests provide information on your and your baby’s health.
- It is your choice whether to have each test.
In This Article
- Antenatal Tests: An Overview
- Screening vs. Diagnostic Tests
- Antenatal Tests Offered During Pregnancy
- The Importance of Antenatal Tests
- Opting Out of Routine Tests
- Healthcare Professionals Who Conduct Tests
- Cost of Antenatal Tests
- Understanding Your Test Results
- Tools And Assistance
Antenatal Tests: An Overview
Antenatal tests help ensure that you and your baby remain healthy throughout pregnancy. These tests are an essential part of prenatal care, helping to detect any potential health issues early.
Various tests, including blood tests, urine tests, and ultrasound scans, are used to monitor different aspects of your and your baby’s health. Some tests are recommended for everyone, while others are only suggested if there is a higher chance of a specific condition.
At your first antenatal visit, your doctor or midwife will explain which antenatal tests are recommended and provide a schedule for when they should be done. However, as pregnancy progresses, additional tests may be needed based on individual circumstances.
Screening vs. Diagnostic Tests
Some antenatal tests are screening tests. These tests estimate the likelihood of you or your baby having a particular condition rather than providing a definitive diagnosis.
A diagnostic test provides a definite answer about whether your baby has a specific condition. If a screening test indicates a higher risk, you may be referred for a diagnostic test for confirmation.
Antenatal Tests Offered During Pregnancy
Different antenatal tests are offered throughout pregnancy to assess both the mother’s and baby’s health. These tests may include:
- Genetic Screening Tests: Assess the likelihood of chromosomal conditions such as Down syndrome.
- Blood Tests: Used to determine blood type, check for infections, assess iron levels, and screen for conditions such as gestational diabetes.
- Urine Tests: Help detect infections, protein levels, and other markers of maternal health.
- Ultrasound Scans: Conducted at various stages of pregnancy to monitor fetal development and health.
| Name | Type of test | What is it verifying? | What’s the due date? |
| Infectious diseases screen | Blood test | Immunity to, or presence of, infections such as syphilis, hepatitis, HIV and rubella | First antenatal visit |
| Blood group + antibodies | Blood test | Blood group and Rhesus negative status | First antenatal visit |
| Full blood count | Blood test | Anaemia | First antenatal visitRepeated at 26 – 28 weeks |
| Vitamin D level | Blood test | Vitamin D deficiency | First antenatal visit |
| Urine test and culture | Urine (wee) test | Infection or signs of abnormalities | First antenatal visit May be repeated during pregnancy |
| Mental health and social wellbeing screen | Questionnaire | Anxiety or depression Family violence | First antenatal visit May be repeated during pregnancy |
| Dating scan | Ultrasound scan | Estimated due date | Usually at 8 – 14 weeks |
| Nuchal translucency test | Ultrasound scan | Screens for genetic abnormalities | From after 11 weeks to before 14 weeks |
| Combined first-trimester screen (CFTS) | Ultrasound scan and blood test | Screens for genetic abnormalities | 11 – 14 weeks |
| Non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) | Blood test | Screens for genetic abnormalities | From 10 weeks |
| Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) | Procedure | Diagnoses genetic abnormalities | From 11 weeks |
| Amniocentesis | Procedure | Diagnoses genetic abnormalities | From 15 weeks |
| Morphology scan | Ultrasound scan | Fetal growth and development Position of the placenta | 18 – 22 weeks |
| Gestational diabetes screening | Blood test | Gestational diabetes | 24 – 28 weeks |
| Group B strep screen | Vaginal or rectal swab | Group B strep | 35 – 37 weeks |
The Importance of Antenatal Tests
Antenatal tests provide critical information about your pregnancy and help ensure early detection of any potential complications. These tests help doctors and midwives provide appropriate care and guidance throughout pregnancy.
Opting Out of Routine Tests
Participation in antenatal testing is entirely optional. You have the right to make informed decisions about which tests you choose to undergo. Your healthcare provider can discuss the benefits and potential risks of each test to help you make the best decision for you and your baby.
Healthcare Professionals Who Conduct Tests
Antenatal tests are typically conducted by healthcare professionals such as doctors, midwives, and laboratory technicians. Some tests, such as ultrasounds, may be performed by specialized sonographers.
Cost of Antenatal Tests
The cost of antenatal tests varies depending on location, healthcare coverage, and the type of test. Some tests may be covered by public healthcare systems or private insurance, while others may require out-of-pocket payments. It is advisable to check with your healthcare provider about potential costs.
Understanding Your Test Results
Once your test results are available, your healthcare provider will discuss them with you. If the results indicate a potential issue, additional tests or follow-up care may be recommended. In the case of abnormal findings, you may be referred to a specialist for further assessment and management.
Tools And Assistance
Healthcare Providers and Support Networks
During your pregnancy, you will have access to a variety of healthcare providers who will guide you through the antenatal testing process. These include your:
- Doctor: A general practitioner or obstetrician will provide information on the need for tests and help interpret the results.
- Midwife: They offer support during pregnancy and birth and will also help coordinate your antenatal care.
- Sonographer: For ultrasound scans, sonographers are trained specialists who conduct the procedures and provide the results.
- Genetic Counselors: If you’re undergoing genetic screening, genetic counselors can provide detailed information on the results and help you make informed decisions.
Support Services for Pregnancy
In addition to healthcare professionals, several support services can provide assistance and information during your pregnancy:
- Pregnancy Support Groups: Local or online groups offer emotional support, practical advice, and help in navigating pregnancy-related challenges.
- Family and Friends: Emotional support from loved ones can be invaluable during pregnancy. Don’t hesitate to talk to those close to you about any concerns.
- Pregnancy Education Classes: Many hospitals and clinics offer prenatal education classes where you can learn about the antenatal testing process, childbirth, and newborn care.
Health Information Resources
Various resources can help you stay informed about antenatal testing and general pregnancy care:
- Healthcare Providers: Your doctor or midwife will provide detailed information tailored to your specific pregnancy.
- Online Pregnancy Resources: Trusted medical websites and platforms can provide helpful articles and guides to explain antenatal testing.
- Printed Materials: Many healthcare providers offer pamphlets and books that explain the testing process and offer advice for a healthy pregnancy.
- Mobile Apps: There are numerous pregnancy-related apps that track your progress, send reminders for tests, and provide general health tips.
Financial Assistance for Testing
The cost of antenatal tests may vary, and some tests may be covered by public healthcare or private insurance. In cases where you need additional assistance, there may be financial support options available:
- Insurance Coverage: Check with your insurance provider to understand which tests are covered and what the out-of-pocket costs may be.
- Government Healthcare Programs: In some regions, there are public health programs that may cover or subsidize the cost of prenatal care, including tests.
- Payment Plans: If you are facing significant costs, discuss payment plans with your healthcare provider or hospital.
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